- Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Dosage Individualization of Suppressive Beta-Lactam Therapy Administered by Subcutaneous Route in Patients With Prosthetic Joint Infection
Suppressive parenteral antibiotic therapy with beta-lactams may be necessary in patients with Gram-negative bone and joint infection (BJI). Subcutaneous drug administration can facilitate this therapy in outpatient setting, but there is limited information about this practice. We have developed an original approach for drug dosing in this context, based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) principles. The objective of this study was to describe our...
19 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Extracellular sulfite is protective against reactive oxygen species and antibiotic stress in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
In this study, we investigated the extracellular reactive sulfur species produced by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 during growth. The results showed that sulfite is the major extracellular sulfur metabolite released to the growth medium under both aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions. Exogenous sulfite at physiological concentrations protected S. oneidensis MR-1 from hydrogen peroxide toxicity and enhanced tolerance to the beta-lactam antibiotics cefazolin, meropenem, doripenem and ertapenem....
19 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Genetic determinants facilitating the evolution of resistance to carbapenem antibiotics
In this era of rising antibiotic resistance, in contrast to our increasing understanding of mechanisms that cause resistance, our understanding of mechanisms that influence the propensity to evolve resistance remains limited. Here, we identified genetic factors that facilitate the evolution of resistance to carbapenems, the antibiotic of 'last resort,' in Klebsiella pneumoniae, the major carbapenem resistant species. In clinical isolates, we found that high-level transposon insertional...
19 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Daily inpatient ertapenem therapy can be an alternative to hospitalization for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic
CONCLUSIONS: In the COVID-19 pandemic period, this seems to be an effective, safe, and cost-effective way to decrease hospitalizations for cUTIs in settings where OPAT is unavailable.
17 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Characterization of antimicrobial susceptibility, extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes and phylogenetic groups of Shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli isolated from patients with diarrhea in Iran
CONCLUSION: A periodical surveillance studies and thorough understanding of antibiotic resistant profiles in STEC isolates could help select effective antibiotic treatment for patients and develop strategies to effectively manage food contamination and human infections.
16 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Clinical application of mCIM and eCIM combined detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae
Objective: To explore the clinical application value of modified carbapenem inactivation test (mCIM) combined with EDTA-modified carbapenem inactivation test (eCIM) for detecting the carbapenemase of CRE isolated from infected patients in clinical diagnosis and infection control of CRE infection. Methods: Drug resistance of seventy eight non-repetitive enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenem antibiotics, which were isolated from clinically infected patients from January 2017 to December 2017...
15 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Current antibiotic resistance patterns of rare uropathogens: survey from Central European Urology Department 2011-2019
CONCLUSIONS: Uropathogenic microorganisms covered in this report are noteworthy for their frequently multi-drug resistant phenotypes. Knowledge of resistance patterns helps clinicians choose the right empirical antibiotic treatment when the taxonomical assignment of the isolate is known but sensitivity results are pending.
14 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Investigation of double-carbapenem efficiency in experimental sepsis of colistin-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>
CONCLUSION: In the light of these data, it was understood that double-carbapenem application was not sufficient in the treatment of experimental sepsis in mice with colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae. Furthermore, ertapenem + meropenem + colistin combined therapy was not found to be superior to colistin monotherapy or double-carbapenem therapy.
14 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Antimicrobial treatment of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum invasive infections: a systematic review
The aim of this systematic review was to determine the causal role of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum in specific invasive infections in humans, and to assess the clinical outcome of antibiotic therapy used to treat them. Several electronic databases were systematically searched for clinical trials, observational studies or individual cases on patients of any age and gender with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) due to E. ramosum isolated from body fluids or tissues in which it is...
14 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Updates on bacterial resistance and empirical antibiotics treatment of complicated acute appendicitis in children
CONCLUSION: Growing prevalence of resistant strains were observed over the decade. Piperacillin/tazobactam provided the best coverage (69.8%) against resistant bacterial strains in our patients. Early escalation of antibiotics failed to reduce postoperative complications and antibiotics duration.
13 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Three challenging cases of infections by multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens in patients admitted to intensive care units
The occurrence of multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens strains represents a serious public health threat. The purpose here is to report three cases of carbapenem-resistant S. marcescens infections with unfavorable clinical outcomes and provide a molecular description of the antibiotic resistance determinants at a genomic level. We performed bacterial identification by VITEK 2 and MALDI-TOF. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials were determined according to the Clinical and...
8 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Investigation of the presence of carbapenemases in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry) and comparison with real-time PCR method
CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of the method at the fourth hour was better than the second hour. The false-negative results observed in the second hour disappeared when the incubation period was extended to 4 h. MALDI-TOF MS which is still under development is a fast, cost-effective, promising method for the detection of carbapenemase activity.
7 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Clonal Dissemination of KPC-2, VIM-1, OXA-48-Producing <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> ST147 in Katowice, Poland
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an important bacterium of nosocomial infections. In this study, CRKP strains, which were mainly isolated from fecal samples of 14 patients in three wards of the hospital in the Silesia Voivodship, rapidly increased from February to August 2018. Therefore, we conducted microbiological and molecular studies of the CRKP isolates analyzed. Colonized patients had critical underlying diseases and comorbidities; one developed bloodstream infection,...
5 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Prophylactic Use of Ertapenem for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections after Elective Colorectal Surgery
Standard surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) regimens are less effective in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) due to rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates, particularly for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. This study aimed to evaluate whether ertapenem should be a preferred strategy for the prevention of SSIs following elective colorectal surgery compared to three standard SAP regimens: amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefoxitin, and cefazolin plus metronidazole. A...
3 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Evaluating a Pharmacy-Driven 72-Hour Antibiotic Monitoring Program Implemented in a Community Hospital
Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs commonly utilize infectious diseases pharmacists to guide appropriate utilization of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Strategies should be developed to increase staff pharmacist's participation in decreasing broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a pharmacy-driven 72-hour antimicrobial stewardship initiative. Methods: A pharmacy-driven 72-hour antibiotic review policy was implemented...
1 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Deceiving Phenotypic Susceptibility Results on a <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> Blood Isolate Carrying Plasmid-Mediated AmpC Gene <em>bla</em> <sub>DHA-1</sub>
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) frequently causes hospital-acquired infections and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. CRKP can have multiple resistance mechanisms and only a few can be routinely detected by commercial molecular or phenotypic assays making surveillance for CRKP particularly challenging. In this report, we identified and characterized an unusual non-carbapenemase-producing CRKP carrying a rare plasmid-borne inducible AmpC gene, bla(DHA-1) . The...
1 April 2021 12:00:00>
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> - Does Fluoroquinolones and Third-Generation Cephalosporins Restriction Reverse Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> Resistance Rates?
Aim: To decrease the incidence and resistance rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) by restriction of the use of third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and fluoroquinolones. Methods: Consumption of 3GCs, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems in association with ertapenem and fluoroquinolone-resistant KP isolates, were analyzed in 21 months by autoregressive integrated moving average models. A follow-up analysis was performed 5 years later. Results: Consumption of...
19 March 2021 11:00:00>
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> - Empiric antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients: a systematic review and a network meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: For cure rate, ceftaroline and piperaciline are the options with the HPBB. However, for mortality rate, the options are ceftriaxone plus levofloxacin, ertapenem and amikacin plus clarithromycin. It seems necessary to conduct an RCT that compares treatments with the HPBB for each event (cure or mortality) (CRD42017060692).
16 March 2021 11:00:00>
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> - Antimicrobial stewardship in the outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) setting: the impact of prescription assessment by an infectious diseases specialist
CONCLUSION: Outpatient antimicrobial stewardship, through remote assessment by an ID specialist, was effective and safe in the OPAT setting.
15 March 2021 11:00:00>
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> - Cefepime/tazobactam compared with other tazobactam combinations against problem Gram-negative bacteria
CONCLUSION: Overall, cefepime/tazobactam had a spectrum exceeding those of piperacillin/tazobactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam and resembling or exceeding that of carbapenems. Used as a 'new-combination of old-agents' it has genuine potential to be 'carbapenem-sparing'.
15 March 2021 11:00:00>
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